Directional dominance on stature and cognition in diverse human populations

Magnus Johannesson; Peter K Joshi; Hanelle Mattsson; Niina Eklund; Ilaria Gandin; Teresa Nutile; Anne U. Jackson; Claudia Schurmann; Albert Vernon Smith; Weihua Zhang; Yukinori Okada; Alena Stancaková; Jessica D. Faul; Wei Zhao; Traci M. Bartz; Maria Pina Concas; Nora Franceschini; Stefan Enroth; Veronique Vitart; Stella Trompet; Xiuqing Guo; Daniel I Chasman; Jeffrey R. O'Connel; Tanguy Corre; Suraj S. Nongmaithem; Yuning Chen; Massimo Mangino; Daniela Ruggiero; Michela Traglia; Aliki-Eleni Farmaki; Tim Kacprowski; Andrew Bjonnes; Asley van der Spek; Ying Wu; Anil K. Giri; Lisa R. Yanek; Lihua Wang; Edith Hofer; Cornelius A. Rietveld; Olga McLeod; Marilyn C. Cornelis; Cristian Pattaro; Niek Verweij; Clemens Baumbach; Abdel Abdellaoui; Helen R. Warren; Dragana Vuckovic; Hao Mei; Claude Bouchard; John R B Perry; Stefania Cappellani; Saira S. Mirza; Miles C. Benton; Ulrich Broeckel; Sara E. Medland; Penelope A. Lind; Giovanni Malerba; Alexander Drong; Loïc Yengo; Lawrence F Bielak; Degui Zhi; Peter Johannes Van der Most; Daniel Shriner; Reedik Mägi; Gibran Hemani; Tugce Karaderi; Zhaoming Wang; Tian Liu; Ilja Demuth; Jing Hua Zhao; Weihua Meng; Lazaros Lataniotis; Sander W. Van der Laan; Jonathan P. Bradfield; Andrew R. Wood; Amelie Bonnefond; Tarunveer Singh Ahluwalia; Leanne M. Hall; Erika Salvi; Seyhan Yazar; Lisbeth Carstensen; Hugoline G de Haan; Mark Abney; Uzma Afzal; Matthew A. Allison; Najaf Amin; Folkert W. Asselbergs; Stephan J. L. Bakker; Graham R. Barr; Sebastian E. Baumeister; Daniel J. Benjamin; Sven Bergmann; Eric Boerwinkle; Erwin P. Bottinger; Archie Campbell; Aravinda Chakravarti; Yingleong Chan; Stephen J. Chanock; Constance Chen; Y.-D. Ida Chen; Francis S. Collins; John Connell; Adolfo Correa; L. Adrienne Cupples; George Davey-Smith; Marcus Dörr; Georg Ehret; Stephen B. Ellis; Bjarke Feenstra; Mary F. Feitosa; Ian Ford; Caroline S. Fox; Timothy M. Frayling; Nele Friedrich; Frank Geller; Generation Scotland; Irina Gillham-Nasenya; Omri Gottesman; Misa Graff; Francine Grodstein; Charles Gu; Chris Haley; Christopher J. Hammond; Sarah E. Harris; Tamara B. Harris; Nicholas D. Hastie; Nancy L. Heard-Costa; Kauko Heikkilä; Lynne J. Hocking; Georg Homuth; Jouke-Jan Hottenga; Jinyan Huang; Jennifer E. Huffman; Pirro G. Hysi; Arfan M. Ikram; Erik Ingelsson; Åsa Johansson; Pekka Jousilahti; J. Wouter Jukema; Mika Kähönen; Yoichiro Kamatani; Stavroula Kanoni; Shona M. Kerr; Nazir M. Khan; Philipp D. Koellinger; Heikki A. Koistinen; Manraj Kooner; Michiaki Kubo; Johanna Kuusisto; Jari Lahti; Lenore J. Launer; Rodney A. Lea; Benjamin Lehne; Terho Lehtimäki; David C. Liewald; L Lind; Marie Loh; Marja-Liisa Lokki; Stephanie J. London; Stephanie J. Loomis; Anu Loukola; Yingchang Lu; Thomas Lumley; Annamari Lundqvist; Satu Männistö; Pedro Marques-Vidal; Corrado Masciullo; Angela Matchan; Rasika A. Mathias; Koichi Matsuda; James B. Meigs; Christa Meisinger; Thomas Meitinger; Cristina Menni; Frank D. Mentch; Evelin Mihailov; Lili Milani; May E. Montasser; Grant W Montgomery; Allanna Morrison; Richard H. Myers; Rajiv Nadukuru; Pau Navarro; Mari Nelis; Markku S. Nieminen; IM Nolte; George O'Connor; Adesola Ogunniyi; Sandosh Padmanabhan; Walter R. Palmas; James S. Pankow; Inga Patarcic; Francesca Pavani; Patricia A Peyser; Kirsi Pietilainen; Neil Poulter; Inga Prokopenko; Sarju Ralhan; Paul Redmond; Stephen S. Rich; Harri Rissanen; Antonietta Robino; Lynda M Rose; Richard Rose; Cinzia Felicita Sala; Babatunde Salako; Veikko Salomaa; Antti-Pekka Sarin; Richa Saxena; Helena Schmidt; Laura J. Scott; William R. Scott; Bengt Sennblad; Sudha Seshadri; Peter Sever; Smeeta Shrestha; Blair H. Smith; Jennifer A. Smith; Nicole Soranzo; Nona Sotoodehnia; Lorraine Southam; Alice V. Stanton; Maria G. Stathopoulou; Konstantin Strauch; Rona J. Strawbridge; Matthew J. Suderman; Nikhil Tandon; Sian-Tsun Tang; Kent Taylor; Bamidele O. Tayo; Anna Maria Töglhofer; Maciej Tomaszewski; Natalia Tšernikova; Jaakko Tuomilehto; André G. Uitterlinden; Dhananjay Vaidya; Astrid van Hylckama Vlieg; Jessica van Setten; Tuula Vasankari; Sailaja Vedantam; Efthymia Vlachopoulou; Diego Vozzi; Eero Vuoksimaa; Melanie Waldenberger; Erin B. Ware; William Wentworth-Shields; John B. Whitfield; Sarah Wild; Gonneke Willemsen; Chittaranjan S. Yajnik; Jie Yao; Gianluigi Zaza; Xiaofeng Zhu; Rany M. Salem; Mads Melbye; Hans Bisgaard; Nilesh J. Samani; Daniele Cusi; David A. Mackey; Richard S. Cooper; Philippe Froguel; Gerard Pasterkamp; Struan F.A. Grant; Hakon Hakonarson; Luigi Ferrucci; Robert A. Scott; Andrew D. Morris; Colin N. A. Palmer; George Dedoussis; Panos Deloukas; Lars Bertram; Ulman Lindenberger; Sonja I. Berndt; Cecilia M Lindgren; Nicholas J Timpson; Anke Tönjes; Patricia B. Munroe; Thorkild I A Sørensen; Charles N. Rotimi; Donna K. Arnett; Albertine J. Oldehinkel; Sharon L R Kardia; Beverley Balkau; Giovanni Gambaro; Andrew P. Morris; Johan G Eriksson; N.G. Martin; Steven C. Hunt; John M. Starr; Ian J. Deary; Lyn R. Griffiths; Henning Tiemeier; Mario Pirastu; Jaakko Kaprio; Nicholas J Wareham; Louis Pérusse; James G. Wilson; Giorgia Girotto; Mark J. Caulfield; Olli Raitakari; Dorret I. Boomsma; Christian Gieger; Pim van der Harst; Andrew A. Hicks; Peter Kraft; Juha Sinisalo; Paul Knekt; Patrik K. E. Magnusson; Anders Hamsten; Reinhold Schmidt; Ingrid B. Borecki; Juhana Vartiainen; Diane M. Becker; Dwaipayan Bharadwaj; Karen L. Mohlke; Michael Boehnke; Cornerlia M. van Duijn; Dharambir K. Sanghera; Alexander Teumer; Eleftheria Zeggini; Paolo Gasparini; Sheila Ulivi; Carole Ober; Daniela Toniolo; Igor Rudan; David J. Porteous; Marina Ciullo; Tim D Spector; Caroline Hayward; Josée Dupuis; Ruth J. F. Loos; Alan F Wright; Giriraj R. Chandak; Peter Vollenweider; Alan R. Shuldiner; Paul M Ridker; Jerome I. Rotter; Naveed Sattar; Ulf Gyllensten; Kari E. North; Bruce M. Psaty; David R Weir; Markku Laakso; Vilmundur Gudnason; Atsushi Takahashi; John C. Chambers; Jaspal S. Kooner; David P. Strachan; Harry Campbell; Joel N. Hirschhorn; Markus Perola; Ozren Polasek; James F Wilson; Gail Davies; Tõnu Esko; Anni Joensuu; Margaret J. Wright

doi:10.1038/nature14618

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Directional dominance on stature and cognition in diverse human populations

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Directional dominance on stature and cognition in diverse human populations

Magnus Johannesson, Peter K Joshi, Hanelle Mattsson, Niina Eklund, Ilaria Gandin, Teresa Nutile, Anne U. Jackson, Claudia Schurmann, Albert Vernon Smith, Weihua Zhang, …

Nature, Vol.523(7561), pp.459-U176

2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14618

Abstract

Multidisciplinary Sciences;Science & Technology - Other Topics

Homozygosity has long been associated with rare, often devastating, Mendelian disorders(1), and Darwin was one of the first to recognize that inbreeding reduces evolutionary fitness(2). However, the effect of the more distant parental relatedness that is common in modern human populations is less well understood. Genomic data now allow us to investigate the effects of homozygosity on traits of public health importance by observing contiguous homozygous segments (runs of homozygosity), which are inferred to be homozygous along their complete length. Given the low levels of genome-wide homozygosity prevalent in most human populations, information is required on very large numbers of people to provide sufficient power(3,4). Here we use runs of homozygosity to study 16 health-related quantitative traits in 354,224 individuals from 102 cohorts, and find statistically significant associations between summed runs of homozygosity and four complex traits: height, forced expiratory lung volume in one second, general cognitive ability and educational attainment (P < 1 x 10(-300), 2.1 x 10(-6), 2.5 x 10(-10) and 1.8 x 10(-10), respectively). In each case, increased homozygosity was associated with decreased trait value, equivalent to the offspring of first cousins being 1.2 cm shorter and having 10 months' less education. Similar effect sizes were found across four continental groups and populations with different degrees of genome-wide homozygosity, providing evidence that homozygosity, rather than confounding, directly contributes to phenotypic variance. Contrary to earlier reports in substantially smaller samples(5,6), no evidence was seen of an influence of genome-wide homozygosity on blood pressure and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, or ten other cardio-metabolic traits. Since directional dominance is predicted for traits under directional evolutionary selection(7), this study provides evidence that increased stature and cognitive function have been positively selected in human evolution, whereas many important risk factors for late-onset complex diseases may not have been.

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Title: Directional dominance on stature and cognition in diverse human populations
Creators - without role: Magnus Johannesson - Stockholm School of Economics, Department of Economics
Peter K Joshi - University of Edinburgh
Hanelle Mattsson - National Institute for Health and Welfare
Niina Eklund - National Institute for Health and Welfare
Ilaria Gandin - Università di Trieste (IT)
Teresa Nutile - Italian National Research Council
Anne U. Jackson - University of Michigan (US)
Claudia Schurmann - Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Albert Vernon Smith - Icelandic Heart Association (IS)
Weihua Zhang - Imperial College (GB)
Yukinori Okada - Tokyo Medical and Dental University
Alena Stancaková - University of Eastern Finland
Jessica D. Faul - University of Michigan (US)
Wei Zhao - University of Michigan (US)
Traci M. Bartz - University of Washington in Seattle
Maria Pina Concas - UOS OF Sassari - National Research Council
Nora Franceschini - University of North Carolina
Stefan Enroth - Uppsala University (SE)
Veronique Vitart - University of Edinburgh
Stella Trompet - Leiden University
Xiuqing Guo - Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute
Daniel I Chasman - Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School
Jeffrey R. O'Connel - University of Maryland (US)
Tanguy Corre - University of Lausanne
Suraj S. Nongmaithem - CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology
Yuning Chen - Boston University (US)
Massimo Mangino - King's College London (GB)
Daniela Ruggiero - IGB Institute of Genetics and Biophysics
Michela Traglia - University of California (US)
Aliki-Eleni Farmaki - Harokopion University of Athens
Tim Kacprowski - University of Greifswald
Andrew Bjonnes - Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
Asley van der Spek - Erasmus Medical Center
Ying Wu - University of North Carolina
Anil K. Giri - CSIR-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology
Lisa R. Yanek - The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Lihua Wang - University of Washington in St. Louis (US)
Edith Hofer - Medical University of Graz
Cornelius A. Rietveld - Erasmus University (NL)
Olga McLeod - Karolinska University Hospital (SE)
Marilyn C. Cornelis - Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School
Cristian Pattaro - European Academy Bozen Bolzano
Niek Verweij - University of Groningen (NL)
Clemens Baumbach - Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health
Abdel Abdellaoui - VU University (NL)
Helen R. Warren - Queen Mary University of London
Dragana Vuckovic - Università di Trieste (IT)
Hao Mei - University of Mississippi
Claude Bouchard - Pennington Biomedical Research Center
John R B Perry - University of Cambridge
Stefania Cappellani - Institute for Maternal and Child Health
Saira S. Mirza - Erasmus Medical Center
Miles C. Benton - Queensland University of Technology (AU)
Ulrich Broeckel - Medical College of Wisconsin
Sara E. Medland - Queensland Institute of Medical Research
Penelope A. Lind - QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute
Giovanni Malerba - University of Verona
Alexander Drong - University of Oxford (GB)
Loïc Yengo - University of Queensland (AU)
Lawrence F Bielak - University of Michigan (US)
Degui Zhi - University of Alabama (US)
Peter Johannes Van der Most - University of Groningen (NL)
Daniel Shriner - Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health
Reedik Mägi - University of Tartu
Gibran Hemani - Bristol University (GB)
Tugce Karaderi - University of Oxford (GB)
Zhaoming Wang - National Cancer Institute
Tian Liu - Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics
Ilja Demuth - Charite University Hospital
Jing Hua Zhao - University of Cambridge
Weihua Meng - University of Dundee
Lazaros Lataniotis - Queen Mary University of London
Sander W. Van der Laan - UMC Utrecht
Jonathan P. Bradfield - Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Andrew R. Wood - University of Exeter (GB)
Amelie Bonnefond - European Genomic Institute for Diabetes
Tarunveer Singh Ahluwalia - Copenhagen University (DK)
Leanne M. Hall - University of Leicester
Erika Salvi - University of Milan (IT)
Seyhan Yazar - University of Western Australia
Lisbeth Carstensen - Statens Serum Institut
Hugoline G de Haan - Leiden University
Mark Abney - University of Chicago (US)
Uzma Afzal - Imperial College (GB)
Matthew A. Allison - University of California (US)
Najaf Amin - Erasmus Medical Center
Folkert W. Asselbergs - UMC Utrecht
Stephan J. L. Bakker - University of Groningen (NL)
Graham R. Barr - Columbia University (US)
Sebastian E. Baumeister - University of Greifswald
Daniel J. Benjamin - Cornell University (US)
Sven Bergmann - University of Lausanne
Eric Boerwinkle - University of Texas (US)
Erwin P. Bottinger - Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Archie Campbell - University of Edinburgh
Aravinda Chakravarti - The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Yingleong Chan - Boston Children's Hospital
Stephen J. Chanock - National Cancer Institute
Constance Chen - Harvard School of Public Health
Y.-D. Ida Chen - Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute
Francis S. Collins - National Human Genome Research Institute
John Connell - Ninewells Hospital and Medical School
Adolfo Correa - University of Mississippi
L. Adrienne Cupples - Boston University (US)
George Davey-Smith - Bristol University (GB)
Marcus Dörr - University of Greifswald
Georg Ehret - The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Stephen B. Ellis - Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Bjarke Feenstra - Statens Serum Institut
Mary F. Feitosa - Washington University (US)
Ian Ford - University of Glasgow
Caroline S. Fox - Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School
Timothy M. Frayling - University of Exeter (GB)
Nele Friedrich - University of Greifswald
Frank Geller - Statens Serum Institut
Generation Scotland - University of Edinburgh
Irina Gillham-Nasenya - King's College London (GB)
Omri Gottesman - Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Misa Graff - University of North Carolina
Francine Grodstein - Harvard School of Public Health
Charles Gu - Washington University (US)
Chris Haley - University of Edinburgh
Christopher J. Hammond - King's College London (GB)
Sarah E. Harris - University of Edinburgh
Tamara B. Harris - National Institute on Aging (US)
Nicholas D. Hastie - University of Edinburgh
Nancy L. Heard-Costa - Boston University (US)
Kauko Heikkilä - University of Helsinki (FI)
Lynne J. Hocking - University of Aberdeen Business School (GB)
Georg Homuth - Greifswald Medical School
Jouke-Jan Hottenga - VU University (NL)
Jinyan Huang - Shanghai Institute of Hematology
Jennifer E. Huffman - University of Edinburgh
Pirro G. Hysi - King's College London (GB)
Arfan M. Ikram - Erasmus Medical Center
Erik Ingelsson - Karolinska Institutet (SE)
Åsa Johansson - Uppsala University (SE)
Pekka Jousilahti - National Institute for Health and Welfare
J. Wouter Jukema - Leiden University
Mika Kähönen - University of Tampere (FI)
Yoichiro Kamatani - RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences
Stavroula Kanoni - Queen Mary University of London
Shona M. Kerr - University of Edinburgh
Nazir M. Khan - CSIR-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology
Philipp D. Koellinger - Erasmus School of Economics (NL)
Heikki A. Koistinen - National Institute for Health and Welfare
Manraj Kooner - Ealing Hospital NHS Trust
Michiaki Kubo - RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences
Johanna Kuusisto - University of Eastern Finland
Jari Lahti - University of Helsinki (FI)
Lenore J. Launer - National Institute on Aging (US)
Rodney A. Lea - Queensland University of Technology (AU)
Benjamin Lehne - Imperial College (GB)
Terho Lehtimäki - University of Tampere (FI)
David C. Liewald - University of Edinburgh
L Lind - Akademiska sjukhuset (SE)
Marie Loh - Imperial College (GB)
Marja-Liisa Lokki - University of Helsinki (FI)
Stephanie J. London - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Stephanie J. Loomis - Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary
Anu Loukola - University of Helsinki (FI)
Yingchang Lu - Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Thomas Lumley - University of Auckland Business School
Annamari Lundqvist - National Institute for Health and Welfare
Satu Männistö - National Institute for Health and Welfare
Pedro Marques-Vidal - University of Lausanne
Corrado Masciullo - San Raffaele Research Institute
Angela Matchan - Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
Rasika A. Mathias - The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Koichi Matsuda - University of Tokyo (JP)
James B. Meigs - Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
Christa Meisinger - Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health
Thomas Meitinger - Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health
Cristina Menni - King's College London (GB)
Frank D. Mentch - Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Evelin Mihailov - Bristol University (GB)
Lili Milani - University of Tartu
May E. Montasser - University of Maryland (US)
Grant W Montgomery - QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute
Allanna Morrison - University of Texas (US)
Richard H. Myers - Boston University (US)
Rajiv Nadukuru - Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Pau Navarro - University of Edinburgh
Mari Nelis - University of Tartu
Markku S. Nieminen - University of Helsinki (FI)
IM Nolte - University of Groningen (NL)
George O'Connor - National Heart Institute
Adesola Ogunniyi - University of Ibadan
Sandosh Padmanabhan - University of Glasgow
Walter R. Palmas - Columbia University (US)
James S. Pankow - University of Minnesota Twin Cities (US)
Inga Patarcic - University of Split
Francesca Pavani - University of Lübeck
Patricia A Peyser - University of Michigan (US)
Kirsi Pietilainen - University of Helsinki (FI)
Neil Poulter - Imperial College (GB)
Inga Prokopenko - Imperial College (GB)
Sarju Ralhan - Hero DMC Heart Institute
Paul Redmond - University of Edinburgh
Stephen S. Rich - University of Virginia (US)
Harri Rissanen - National Institute for Health and Welfare
Antonietta Robino - Institute for Maternal and Child Health
Lynda M Rose - Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School
Richard Rose - Indiana University (US)
Cinzia Felicita Sala - San Raffaele Research Institute
Babatunde Salako - University of Ibadan
Veikko Salomaa - National Institute for Health and Welfare
Antti-Pekka Sarin - National Institute for Health and Welfare
Richa Saxena - Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
Helena Schmidt - Medical University of Graz
Laura J. Scott - University of Michigan (US)
William R. Scott - Imperial College (GB)
Bengt Sennblad - Karolinska Institutet (SE)
Sudha Seshadri - National Heart Institute
Peter Sever - Imperial College (GB)
Smeeta Shrestha - CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology
Blair H. Smith - University of Dundee
Jennifer A. Smith - University of Michigan (US)
Nicole Soranzo - Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
Nona Sotoodehnia - University of Washington in Seattle
Lorraine Southam - University of Oxford (GB)
Alice V. Stanton - Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
Maria G. Stathopoulou - University of Lorraine
Konstantin Strauch - Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health
Rona J. Strawbridge - Karolinska Institutet (SE)
Matthew J. Suderman - Bristol University (GB)
Nikhil Tandon - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Sian-Tsun Tang - Imperial College (GB)
Kent Taylor - Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute
Bamidele O. Tayo - Loyola University (US)
Anna Maria Töglhofer - Medical University of Graz
Maciej Tomaszewski - University of Leicester
Natalia Tšernikova - University of Tartu
Jaakko Tuomilehto - National Institute for Health and Welfare
André G. Uitterlinden - Erasmus University (NL)
Dhananjay Vaidya - The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Astrid van Hylckama Vlieg - Leiden University
Jessica van Setten - UMC Utrecht
Tuula Vasankari - Finnish Lung Health Association
Sailaja Vedantam - Boston Children's Hospital
Efthymia Vlachopoulou - University of Helsinki (FI)
Diego Vozzi - Institute for Maternal and Child Health
Eero Vuoksimaa - University of Helsinki (FI)
Melanie Waldenberger - Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health
Erin B. Ware - University of Michigan (US)
William Wentworth-Shields - University of Chicago (US)
John B. Whitfield - QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute
Sarah Wild - University of Edinburgh
Gonneke Willemsen - VU University (NL)
Chittaranjan S. Yajnik - KEM Hospital Research Centre
Jie Yao - Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute
Gianluigi Zaza - University of Verona
Xiaofeng Zhu - Case Western Reserve University
Rany M. Salem - Boston Children's Hospital
Mads Melbye - Statens Serum Institut
Hans Bisgaard - Copenhagen University (DK)
Nilesh J. Samani - University of Leicester
Daniele Cusi - University of Milan (IT)
David A. Mackey - University of Western Australia
Richard S. Cooper - Loyola University (US)
Philippe Froguel - University of Lille
Gerard Pasterkamp - UMC Utrecht
Struan F.A. Grant - Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Hakon Hakonarson - Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Luigi Ferrucci - National Institute on Aging (US)
Robert A. Scott - University of Cambridge
Andrew D. Morris - University of Edinburgh
Colin N. A. Palmer - University of Dundee
George Dedoussis - Harokopion University of Athens
Panos Deloukas - Queen Mary University of London
Lars Bertram - University of Lübeck
Ulman Lindenberger - Max Planck Institute for Human Development
Sonja I. Berndt - National Institutes of Health
Cecilia M Lindgren - University of Oxford (GB)
Nicholas J Timpson - Bristol University (GB)
Anke Tönjes - University of Leipzig (DE)
Patricia B. Munroe - Queen Mary University of London
Thorkild I A Sørensen - Copenhagen University (DK)
Charles N. Rotimi - National Human Genome Research Institute
Donna K. Arnett - University of Alabama (US)
Albertine J. Oldehinkel - University of Groningen (NL)
Sharon L R Kardia - University of Michigan (US)
Beverley Balkau - University of Lille
Giovanni Gambaro - Catholic University of the Sacred Heart
Andrew P. Morris - University of Oxford (GB)
Johan G Eriksson - Folkhälsan Research Centre
N.G. Martin - Queensland Institute of Medical Research
Steven C. Hunt - University of Utah (US)
John M. Starr - University of Edinburgh
Ian J. Deary - University of Edinburgh
Lyn R. Griffiths - Queensland University of Technology (AU)
Henning Tiemeier - Erasmus University (NL)
Mario Pirastu - UOS OF Sassari - National Research Council
Jaakko Kaprio - University of Helsinki (FI)
Nicholas J Wareham - University of Cambridge
Louis Pérusse - Université Laval
James G. Wilson - University of Mississippi
Giorgia Girotto - Università di Trieste (IT)
Mark J. Caulfield - Queen Mary University of London
Olli Raitakari - University of Turku
Dorret I. Boomsma - VU University (NL)
Christian Gieger - Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health
Pim van der Harst - University of Groningen (NL)
Andrew A. Hicks - University of Lübeck
Peter Kraft - Harvard University (US)
Juha Sinisalo - University of Helsinki (FI)
Paul Knekt - National Institute for Health and Welfare
Patrik K. E. Magnusson - Karolinska Institutet (SE)
Anders Hamsten - Karolinska Institutet (SE)
Reinhold Schmidt - Medical University of Graz
Ingrid B. Borecki - Washington University (US)
Juhana Vartiainen - National Institute of Economic Research (SE)
Diane M. Becker - The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Dwaipayan Bharadwaj - CSIR-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology
Karen L. Mohlke - University of North Carolina
Michael Boehnke - University of Michigan (US)
Cornerlia M. van Duijn - Leiden University
Dharambir K. Sanghera - University of Oklahoma
Alexander Teumer - Greifswald Medical School
Eleftheria Zeggini - Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
Paolo Gasparini - Università di Trieste (IT)
Sheila Ulivi - Institute for Maternal and Child Health
Carole Ober - University of Chicago (US)
Daniela Toniolo - San Raffaele Research Institute
Igor Rudan - University of Edinburgh
David J. Porteous - University of Edinburgh
Marina Ciullo - Italian National Research Council
Tim D Spector - King's College London (GB)
Caroline Hayward - University of Edinburgh
Josée Dupuis - Boston University (US)
Ruth J. F. Loos - Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Alan F Wright - University of Edinburgh
Giriraj R. Chandak - CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology
Peter Vollenweider - University of Lausanne
Alan R. Shuldiner - University of Maryland (US)
Paul M Ridker - Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School
Jerome I. Rotter - Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute
Naveed Sattar - University of Glasgow
Ulf Gyllensten - Uppsala University (SE)
Kari E. North - University of North Carolina
Bruce M. Psaty - Washington University (US)
David R Weir - University of Michigan (US)
Markku Laakso - University of Eastern Finland
Vilmundur Gudnason - Icelandic Heart Association (IS)
Atsushi Takahashi - RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences
John C. Chambers - Imperial College (GB)
Jaspal S. Kooner - Ealing Hospital NHS Trust
David P. Strachan - St George's, University of London
Harry Campbell - University of Edinburgh
Joel N. Hirschhorn - Boston Children's Hospital
Markus Perola - National Institute for Health and Welfare
Ozren Polasek - University of Split
James F Wilson - University of Edinburgh
Gail Davies - University of Edinburgh
Tõnu Esko - University of Tartu
Anni Joensuu - Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland
Margaret J. Wright - QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute
Publication Details: Nature, Vol.523(7561), pp.459-U176
Publisher: Nature Research (part of Springer Nature)
Number of pages: 459-U176
Identifiers: 991001480975506056
Academic Unit: Department of Economics
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

Directional dominance on stature and cognition in diverse human populations

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