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European Democracy Through the Lens of Party Manifestos
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European Democracy Through the Lens of Party Manifestos

Jonathan Lehne and Maiting Zhuang
FREE Network Policy Brief Series, Forum for Research on Eastern Europe and Emerging Economies (FREE) Network
2023-04

Abstract

Political discourse Transition Economies Democracy
The subjects of political discourse are important but hard to quantify. This brief uses data from 30 years of party manifestos to study how the dominant topics in politics have evolved across Europe. Transition countries have seen the most significant shift in the content of political discourse. In the early 1990s, party manifestos in Eastern Europe focused on a distinct set of topics related to transition; by recent elections they had converged to those in Western Europe, with a heavy emphasis on the welfare state, education, infrastructure and technology. Political discourse can change rapidly in times of crisis as shown by the example of Ukraine.
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